"Mastering Cheese: Lessons for Connoisseurship from a Maître Fromager" is a book that introduces the basic differences between cheeses, but it also offers some deeper insights.
The Cheese Bible by Christian Teubner is a fantastic resource for anyone interested in learning about all kinds of cheese from around the world. It will help you to identify many different kinds of cheese and choose a cheese appropriate for how you want to use it. The book also has lots of recipes to try out.
There are many books about cheese, I would recomend you the folowing ones: Cheeses Of The World, Vermont Cheese Book and Cheese,A Complete Guide To Over 300 Cheeses Of Distinction.
There are many books that can teach you about all types of cheese and their various uses in the cooking domain. Any bookstore has a high chance of holding one of these books.