By far, the most extensive and comprehensive location for this is itunes. Sign up for an account, and for typically $1.99 per episode, you can locate tv shows by type, or tv channel, locate the one you like and download.
You can download TV programs through torrent software such as Bittorrent or Utorrent. Alternatively, many major networks have official channels on YouTube and Hulu, and often host full-length episodes for free.
It depends, you can't legally download T.V. programs off the web in most cases. But if you check out some select sites you might be able to find something that you are looking for. Try your local search engine and go from there, you should be able to locate something.
In you tube you can find a lot of tv programs playing now or old tv programs that are not playing on tv. anymore. You can find there any type of tv programs
Programs can often be downloaded from such websites as or through the websites of the companies responsible for distributing the dvd/blue-ray formats of said programs.