e. g. is Latin for 'exampli gratia' which does indeed mean for example. As an alternative i. e. means 'that is' in English, 'id est' in Latin. Use e. g. to list examples and i. e. to restate the concept you're trying to define. 'Automobiles e. g. Ford' 'Ploughing i. e. turning over the soil. '
The term "e. g. " simply means "for example. " You see it many times when, well, someone is giving an example. "I like vegetables, e. g. , carrots and celery. "