First, you need to check that you have a functioning internet connection. Then you need to uninstall Outlook and re install it. Then, test send an email again. If you still can't receive any you need to contact Microsoft and tell them, because it is a problem with their servers.
Yes of course you can fix this. In Outlook you can adjust your settings so that Outlook logs into your e-mail client and carries over your e-mails from your account. This is usually the POP3 mail setting. Your internet service provider can help you troubleshoot if you are trying to synch your e-mail through them.
To fix it automatically, select Tools>Account Settings…. In dialog box, select e-mail account, click 'Repair…'. If it doesn't work, fix it manually by choose 'Change…,' correct the Incoming Mail Server.