The converter is located in the middle under the vehicle and attached between the engine and the muffler. Depending on the car it can be located in different places underneath the vehicle and have more than one.
Catalytic converter are located in the exhaust, usually between the exhaust headers and the mufflers. Its typically about 18 inches long and is about two inches fatter than the pipe.
The catalytic converter is part of the exhaust system. It is usually in about the center of the car and looks like a large muffler. It is in front of the muffler.
Well usually the catalytic converter is located a few feet from the exhaust manifold in the exhaust system. Typically on newer cars there is one per side.