Fluoride ion on the surface of teeth slows the depletion of minerals from your tooth enamel and simultaneously accelerates the deposition of minerals in tooth enamel.
Your teeth are made of calcium oxide (CaO). Fluoride replaces the oxygen in the structure, forming calcium fluoride (CaF2). Fluoride is harder for bacteria to remove than oxygen.
Fluoride is needed by grow and develop. Fluoride found in water caused cavaties. Fluoride mixes with tooth enamel and hardens the coating on the tooth to prevent cavaties.