You probably have a minor nerve abnormality. There are tweleve different cranial nerves that originate from the midbrain and ennervate the head region. A shock (like a sneeze) can affect other nerves (like when you bang your head and your ears ring).
TMJ (temporomandibular joint) can cause pain in your jaw because it is connected to your skull. Any movement of the jaw, can cause pain with this condition. Grinding your teeth can also cause pain in your jaw.
Your jaw may hurt after every time you sneezing is you had a poor health. You get it clear
with take the coorectful medicine with the help of a doctor.