A thyroid nodule is any type of abnormal growth in the thyroid gland. Thyroid nodules can be either cancerous or benign. Thyroid cysts are a type of nodule that are filled with fluid instead of tissue.
A nodule means that you are just swollen in that area. A thyroid cyst means that there is a sac of fluid there full of infection that could rupture at any time and needs to be removed.
They are both the same thing. A thyroid cyst or nodule is a swelling that contains fluid which could be a factor of many things such as a benign or a maligmant tumor.