It is very common for a 1950's era range to not come equipped with a thermocouple but use caution if this stove is still in use. The lack of thermocouple could make an oven this age potentially dangerous to use. Use caution and keep your eyes open for any sign of gas leaking.
Old ranges don't usually have thermocouples. This is normal but not safe any longer. If the pilot light goes out the gas could continue to flow which is very dangerous.
Your range should have a thermocouple. The thermocouple is what allows the range to regulate the temperature. Without it you could be looking at a dangerous situation.
This sounds normal to me. If I were you I would update to a newer more energy efficient model. I think electric ranges are the best as far as ranges go.
