It's not the moves themselves. The martial artist hits stronger items than his bones and creates mirco-breaks in the bone. The bone heals stronger than before.
Practice and proper form are key. You have to strike with force that the structure of the material collapses under the stress and the impact doesn't return to you.
You need training for this. There is a specific way you need to strike, with a particular part of your hand, to avoid breaking your hand instead of the concrete.